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الرئيسية / المقالات / ما هي أنواع القرارات الادارية ؟
لـ | 17/08/2019 | المقالات |

ما هي أنواع القرارات الادارية ؟

ما هي أنواع القرارات الادارية ؟

يمكن تقسيم أنواع القرارات الادارية بناء على :

سكاي سوفت يعرض لك اهم انواع القرارات الادارية التي قد تبحث عنها

1- ارتباطها بنشاط المنشأة :

  1. قرارات إستراتيجية : وهي القرارات التي تتعلق بتحديد أهداف المنشأة وأنواع منتجاتها والأسواق التي تخدمها . وهي من اختصاص الإدارة العليا .
  2.  قرارات تنظيمية : وهي قرارات لوضع الهيكل التنظيمي وتحديد الإدارات والأقسام وتوضيح السلطة والمسئولية لكل مستوى إداري ، وهي من اختصاص الإدارة العليا .
  3.  قرارات تنفيذية ( تشغيلية ) : وتتعلق باستغلال الموارد الإنتاجية وتوزيعها على الاستخدامات المختلفة لتحقيق الأهداف الموضوعة . ويقوم باتخاذ تلك القرارات مستويات إدارية مختلفة .

2- من حيث الزمن :

  1.  قرارات قصيرة الأجل : تتعلق باستغلال الطاقة الإنتاجية ، مثل قرارات الإنتاج ، التسعير، قرارات توزيع الأرباح ، وتغطي فترة قصيرة وتكلفتها متوسطة .
  2.  قرارات طويلة الأجل : تتضمن تغييرات الطاقة الإنتاجية وتمتد آثارها إلى فترة طويلة نسبيا وتكلفتها عالية .

3- حسب تكرار الموقف الاداري :

  1. قرارات متكررة : هي قرارات تعالج مواقف متكررة بشكل يكاد يكون يوميا مثل : تحديد كمية الإنتاج ، تحديد احتياجات المنشأة من النقدية ، استعاضة المخزون ، فحص الانحرافات .
  2. قرارات غير متكررة : تعالج مواقف لا تتكرر كثيرا ، حتى وإن تكررت يكون مداها الزمني طويلا بحيث تنتفي عنها صفة التكرار مثال: طلبيات البيع الخاصة ، التوقف المؤقت عن النشاط ، إضافة أو استبعاد منتج من تشكيلة المنتجات ، إنشاء مصنع جديد أو إضافة خط إنتاجي ( توسع في الطاقة ) .

انواع القرارات الادارية

4- حسب ظروف اتخاذ القرارات الادارية :

يتم تبويبها في ضوء احتمالات الأحداث إلى :

  1. قرارات في ظل ظروف التأكد : نتائج كل بديل مؤكدة.
  2.  قرارات في ظل المخاطرة :لكل بديل نتائج متفاوتة ولكل منها درجة احتمال معروفة.
  3.  قرارات في ظل ظروف عدم التأكد : لكل بديل نتائج متفاوتة ولكن درجة احتمال تحقق كل منها غير معروفة.

أنواع الأوامر الإدارية التي يجب أن تتخذها كل مؤسسة

  • قرارات استراتيجية وهي التي تؤثر على المنظمة من حيث الأهداف.
  • قرارات روتينية وهي تتعلق بالآداء العام للمنظمات ولا تتطلب الكثير من الوقت للتقييم والتحليل لاتخاذها.
  • قرارات أساسية وهي القرارات التي تكون مسؤولة عن اتخاذها هي الإدارات العليا.

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